4-Hydroxycoumarin
Title | Journal |
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin derivatives as inhibitors of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). | Chemical biology & drug design 20121201 |
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-substituted 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)propanamide as cyclooxygenase inhibitors. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20121101 |
Highly enantioselective synthesis of warfarin and its analogs catalysed by primary amine-phosphinamide bifunctional catalysts. | Organic & biomolecular chemistry 20121028 |
Enantioselective synthesis of coumarin derivatives by PYBOX-DIPH-Zn(II) complex catalyzed Michael reaction. | The Journal of organic chemistry 20121005 |
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of non-naturally substituted 4-oxycoumarin derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20120915 |
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of novel 4-hydroxy-7-hydroxy- and 3-carboxycoumarin derivatives. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20120910 |
Antitrypanosomal and antioxidant properties of 4-hydroxycoumarins derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20120901 |
Statement of retraction: 'Larvicidal activity of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives against Aedes aegypti'. Pharmaceutical Biology 2011 49:2, 190-3. | Pharmaceutical biology 20120901 |
Alcohol mediated synthesis of 4-oxo-2-aryl-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate derivatives from 4-hydroxycoumarins. | The Journal of organic chemistry 20120803 |
3-Phenylcoumarins as inhibitors of HIV-1 replication. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20120802 |
Biochemical and pharmacological evaluation of 4-hydroxychromen-2-ones bearing polar C-3 substituents as anticoagulants. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20120801 |
In vivo antigenotoxic potential and possible mechanism of action of selected 4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives. | Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 20120801 |
Gas phase retro-Michael reaction resulting from dissociative protonation: fragmentation of protonated warfarin in mass spectrometry. | Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 20120801 |
Enantioselective intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions of 4-substituted coumarins catalyzed by a chiral Lewis acid. | Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 20120611 |
Total synthesis of flocoumafen via knoevenagel condensation and intramolecular ring cyclization: general access to natural products. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20120221 |
Synthesis of polyfunctionalized acrylates via one-pot reactions of arylamines, methyl propiolate, aromatic aldehydes, and active methylene compounds. | Molecular diversity 20120201 |
Complete mineralization of benzene by a methanogenic enrichment culture and effect of putative metabolites on the degradation. | Chemosphere 20120201 |
3,3'-[(4-Nitro-phen-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(4-hy-droxy-2H-chromen-2-one). | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20120201 |
2-Oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl 4-tert-butyl-benzoate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20120201 |
rac-Diethyl 5-oxo-2-[(2,4,4-trimethyl-pentan-2-yl)amino]-4,5-dihydro-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3,4-dicarboxyl-ate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20120101 |
10-Shogaol, an antioxidant from Zingiber officinale for skin cell proliferation and migration enhancer. | International journal of molecular sciences 20120101 |
Practical synthesis of hydroxychromenes and evaluation of their biological activity. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20111228 |
Effect of different C3-aryl substituents on the antioxidant activity of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 20111101 |
rac-Dimethyl 2-(tert-butyl-amino)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3,4-dicarboxyl-ate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20111101 |
2-Oxochromen-4-yl 4-(dimethyl-amino)-benzoate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20110901 |
Single step synthesis of strigolactone analogues from cyclic keto enols, germination stimulants for seeds of parasitic weeds. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 20110815 |
Benzylidene-bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) and benzopyrano-coumarin derivatives: synthesis, ¹H/¹³C-NMR conformational and X-ray crystal structure studies and in vitro antiviral activity evaluations. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20110719 |
Synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin heteroarylhybrids as potential antimicrobial agents. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20110601 |
A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of a new class of furo[3,2-c]chromenes in aqueous media. | Molecular diversity 20110501 |
4-Hy-droxy-3-[(4-hy-droxy-2-oxo-2H-3-chromen-yl)(3-thien-yl)meth-yl]-2H-chromen-2-one. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20110501 |
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of coumarin-based molecular probes for imaging of myelination. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 20110414 |
10-Phenyl-6b,7,8,9,9a,10-hexa-hydro-6H-cyclo-penta-[4,5]pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-6,9-dione. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20110401 |
Ultrasound-enhanced one-pot synthesis of 3-(Het)arylmethyl-4-hydroxycoumarins in water. | Ultrasonics sonochemistry 20110301 |
Larvicidal activity of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives against Aedes aegypti. | Pharmaceutical biology 20110201 |
Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Baccharis dracunculifolia in the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis. | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20110101 |
In vitro antioxidant activity of selected 4-hydroxy-chromene-2-one derivatives-SAR, QSAR and DFT studies. | International journal of molecular sciences 20110101 |
[Determination of 4-hydroxycoumarin rodenticides in animal products, fishery products, and honey by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. | Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan 20110101 |
The antioxidant activity of new coumarin derivatives. | International journal of molecular sciences 20110101 |
Paxillin mediates sensing of physical cues and regulates directional cell motility by controlling lamellipodia positioning. | PloS one 20110101 |
Synthesis and Inhibiting Activity of Some 4-Hydroxycoumarin Derivatives on HIV-1 Protease. | ISRN pharmaceutics 20110101 |
3-Acetyl-4-hy-droxy-6,7-dimethyl-2H-chromen-2-one. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20101201 |
Synthesis of functionalized chromenes from Meldrum's acid, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and ketones or aldehydes. | Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening 20101101 |
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20101101 |
Molecular Basis for Drug Resistance in HIV-1 Protease. | Viruses 20101101 |
6,7-Dihydroxy-4-phenylcoumarin as inhibitor of aldose reductase 2. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20101001 |
Structure-activity relationships of new 4-hydroxy bis-coumarins as radical scavengers and chain-breaking antioxidants. | Biochimie 20100901 |
Coumarins incorporating hydroxy- and chloro-moieties selectively inhibit the transmembrane, tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII over the cytosolic ones I and II. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20100801 |
2,2,4-Trimethyl-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-5-ium perchlorate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20100701 |
Design of novel 4-hydroxy-chromene-2-one derivatives as antimicrobial agents. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20100611 |
Synthesis, anticoagulant and PIVKA-II induced by new 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 20100515 |
Inhibition of human DHODH by 4-hydroxycoumarins, fenamic acids, and N-(alkylcarbonyl)anthranilic acids identified by structure-guided fragment selection. | ChemMedChem 20100406 |
Antimetastatic, antineoplastic, and toxic effects of 4-hydroxycoumarin in a preclinical mouse melanoma model. | Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20100401 |
Ultrasound-assisted one-pot, three-component synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine]-2,6'(1'H)-diones in water. | Ultrasonics sonochemistry 20100201 |
A novel 4-hydroxycoumarin biosynthetic pathway. | Plant molecular biology 20100101 |
Genetic variations in human glutathione transferase enzymes: significance for pharmacology and toxicology. | Human genomics and proteomics : HGP 20100101 |
Warfarin: an environment-dependent switchable molecular probe. | Journal of molecular recognition : JMR 20100101 |
Regulators of the proteasome pathway, Uch37 and Rpn13, play distinct roles in mouse development. | PloS one 20100101 |
Synthesis of 3-amino-4-hydroxy coumarin and dihydroxy-phenyl coumarins as novel anticoagulants. | Arzneimittel-Forschung 20100101 |
(4R)-Ethyl 4-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-2-hydr-oxy-5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-2-carboxyl-ate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20100101 |
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new 4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivatives. | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 20091201 |
Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin-based inhibitors of NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1). | Journal of medicinal chemistry 20091126 |
4,4-Dimethyl-2-tosyl-1,2,3,3a,4,11b-hexa-hydro-11H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrano[5,6-c]chromen-11-one 0.125-hydrate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20091101 |
Diastereoselective synthesis of trans-2,3-dihydrofurans with pyridinium ylide assisted tandem reaction. | The Journal of organic chemistry 20091002 |
Formation of coumarines during the degradation of alkyl substituted aromatic oil components by the yeast Trichosporon asahii. | Applied microbiology and biotechnology 20091001 |
Study on the inhibitory mechanism and binding mode of the hydroxycoumarin compound NSC158393 to HIV-1 integrase by molecular modeling. | Biopolymers 20090901 |
Ethyl 2-hydr-oxy-5-oxo-4-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-2-carboxyl-ate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20090801 |
Investigation of the antioxidant properties of some new 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20090701 |
4-Hydr-oxy-3-[(2E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phen-yl)prop-2-eno-yl]-2H-chromen-2-one. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20090701 |
Reactions of 3-benzoyl-7-dimethylamino-4-hydroxycoumarin and their potential applications in solution- and solid-phase synthesis. | Molecular diversity 20090501 |
Synthesis and studies of new 2-(coumarin-4-yloxy)-4,6-(substituted)-S-triazine derivatives as potential anti-HIV agents. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20090501 |
Evaluation of alternatives to warfarin as probes for Sudlow site I of human serum albumin: characterization by high-performance affinity chromatography. | Journal of chromatography. A 20090417 |
Synthesis and molecular descriptor characterization of novel 4-hydroxy-chromene-2-one derivatives as antimicrobial agents. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20090414 |
Redox active donor-substituted punicin derivatives. | Organic & biomolecular chemistry 20090407 |
3-Anilinothio-carbonyl-4-hydroxy-chromen-2-one. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20090401 |
Design and microwave-assisted synthesis of naphtho[2,3-f]quinoline derivatives and their luminescent properties. | Journal of combinatorial chemistry 20090309 |
Pharmacogenomics of anticoagulants: steps toward personal dosage. | Genome medicine 20090101 |
Systems pharmacology and genome medicine: a future perspective. | Genome medicine 20090101 |
Biosynthesis of biphenyls and benzophenones--evolution of benzoic acid-specific type III polyketide synthases in plants. | Phytochemistry 20090101 |
HPLC method for simultaneous determination of impurities and degradation products in zonisamide. | Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences 20090101 |
Synthesis, structure, antimicrobial and antioxidant investigations of dicoumarol and related compounds. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20081101 |
Synthesis and free radical scavenging activity of some new spiropyranocoumarins. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20081101 |
Electrochemical synthesis of 4-(dihydroxyphenylthio)-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives. | Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 20081101 |
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some novel 2-aminothiazole derivatives of 4-hydroxy-chromene-2-one. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20080801 |
The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences 20080801 |
Multi-substrate flavonol O-glucosyltransferases from strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) achene and receptacle. | Journal of experimental botany 20080701 |
Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of coumarin and 4-hydroxycoumarin in the trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid model of rat colitis. | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 20080701 |
2-Amino-4'-bromo-2',5-dioxo-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-4-spiro-3'(2'H)-1'H-indole-3-carbonitrile N,N-dimethyl-formamide solvate. | Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20080601 |
Synthesis, computational study and cytotoxic activity of new 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20080401 |
3D-QSAR investigation of synthetic antioxidant chromone derivatives by molecular field analysis. | International journal of molecular sciences 20080301 |
Pharmacogenomics of 4-hydroxycoumarin anticoagulants. | Drug metabolism reviews 20080101 |
Reduced paxillin expression contributes to the antimetastatic effect of 4-hydroxycoumarin on B16-F10 melanoma cells. | Cancer cell international 20080101 |
Coumarin, anthroquinone and stilbene derivatives with anticholinesterase activity. | Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences 20080101 |
Comparison of the effect of 4-hydroxycoumarin and umbelliferone on the phase transition of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers. | Pharmacological reports : PR 20080101 |
Contribution of KCNQ1 to the regulatory volume decrease in the human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-7. | American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 20070901 |
Relationship between quantum-chemical descriptors of proton dissociation and experimental acidity constants of various hydroxylated coumarins. Identification of the biologically active species for xanthine oxidase inhibition. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20070701 |
Determination of five 4-hydroxycoumarin rodenticides in animal liver tissues by ion chromatography with fluorescence detection. | Journal of chromatography. A 20070629 |
Cascade synthesis of polyoxygenated 6H,11H-[2]benzopyrano-[4,3-c][1]benzopyran-11-ones. | The Journal of organic chemistry 20070427 |
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel warfarin derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 20070315 |
[Determination of five 4-hydroxycoumarin rodenticides in whole blood by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection]. | Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography 20070301 |
Novel base catalysed rearrangement of sultone oximes to 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-methane sulfonate derivatives. | Beilstein journal of organic chemistry 20070101 |
Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic properties of novel N-substituted sulfonamides from 4-hydroxycoumarin. | Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry 20061201 |
Synthesis, structure, toxicological and pharmacological investigations of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20060701 |
Synthesis and anticoagulant activities of substituted 2,4-diketochromans, biscoumarins, and chromanocoumarins. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20060601 |
Antifungal and antibacterial activities of Mexican tarragon (Tagetes lucida). | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20060517 |
Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of traces of molybdenum(VI) by its inhibitory effect on the oxidation of 4-hydroxycoumarine by potassium permanganate. | Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 20060501 |
Dicoumarol potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase in p53 wild-type urogenital cancer cell lines. | Oncogene 20060420 |
Long-chain 3-acyl-4-hydroxycoumarins: structure and antibacterial activity. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20060301 |
Heterogeneity of the coumarin anticoagulant targeted vitamin K epoxide reduction system. Study of kinetic parameters in susceptible and resistant mice (Mus musculus domesticus). | Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 20060101 |
Structure-Activity Relationships of Synthetic Coumarins as HIV-1 Inhibitors. | Bioinorganic chemistry and applications 20060101 |
Antihuman Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Activity of Rare Earth Metal Complexes of 4-Hydroxycoumarins in Cell Culture. | Bioinorganic chemistry and applications 20060101 |
Study on the fluorescence characteristics of bromadiolone in aqueous and organized media and application in analysis. | Chemosphere 20051201 |
Synthesis and in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of some bi heterocyclic coumarin derivatives. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20050901 |
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents. | Genetics 20050801 |
Fluorescence spectroscopic study of serum albumin-bromadiolone interaction: fluorimetric determination of bromadiolone. | Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 20050701 |
Biotin-avidin amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of isoflavone daidzein. | Talanta 20050215 |
Theoretical and spectroscopic evidence for coordination ability of 3,3'-benzylidenedi-4-hydroxycoumarin. New neodymium (III) complex and its cytotoxic effect. | Journal of inorganic biochemistry 20050201 |
Synthesis of zwitterionic 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives through a unique reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarins with p- benzoquinone and pyridine. | Organic letters 20041223 |
Antimycobacterial coumarins from the sardinian giant fennel (Ferula communis). | Journal of natural products 20041201 |
Synthesis and antitumor activity of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 20041115 |
Synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin and 2,4-quinolinediol derivatives and evaluation of their effects on the viability of HepG2 cells and human hepatocytes culture. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20041101 |
Glucosylation of phenolic compounds by Pharbitis nil hairy roots: I. Glucosylation of coumarin and flavone derivatives. | Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 20041001 |
Phosphorohydrazines of 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran and 1-benzopyran-2,4-dione exhibit antitumor activity against L1210 leukemia. | Die Pharmazie 20040901 |
Convenient replacement of the hydroxy by an amino group in 4 hydroxycoumarin and 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone under microwave irradiation. | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20040731 |
Molecular complexes of IQ and 4-hydroxy-coumarin: a mutagen-anti-mutagen system. | Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20040527 |
Collision-induced dissociation of a series of coumarins studied by positive- and negative-ion electrospray triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. | European journal of mass spectrometry (Chichester, England) 20040101 |
The 4-arylaminocoumarin derivatives log P values calculated according to Rekker's method. | Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences 20031101 |
Synthesis and biological investigations of new thiazolidinone and oxadiazoline coumarin derivatives. | Archives of pharmacal research 20030901 |
4-Hydroxycoumarin disorganizes the actin cytoskeleton in B16-F10 melanoma cells but not in B82 fibroblasts, decreasing their adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins and motility. | Cancer letters 20030820 |
Application of capillary electrophoresis with pH-mediated sample stacking to analysis of coumarin metabolites in microsomal incubations. | Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 20030808 |
QSAR and QSPR study of derivatives 4-arylaminocoumarin. | Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences 20030701 |
Electrooxidation of iodide in the presence of 4-hydroxycoumarin: application to a simple coulometric titration of 4-hydroxycoumarin. | Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 20030601 |
Acaricidal activity of tonka bean extracts. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of bioactive derivatives. | Journal of natural products 20030501 |
Synthesis and pharmacological investigations of some 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. | Archiv der Pharmazie 20030401 |
Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid. | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20030212 |
PNA-based RNA-triggered drug-releasing system. | Bioconjugate chemistry 20030101 |
Microtubule-interacting activity and cytotoxicity of the prenylated coumarin ferulenol. | Planta medica 20021201 |
Ipso substitution as a route to benzo[c]quinolizines and 4-hydroxycoumarins. | The Journal of organic chemistry 20020405 |
Acute toxicity of ferulenol, a 4-hydroxycoumarin isolated from Ferula communis L. | Veterinary and human toxicology 20020201 |
Effects of two newly synthesized 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives (4-OHC) on isolated rat hepatocytes. | Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology 20020101 |
Synthesis of potential antidipsotropic isoflavones: inhibitors of the mitochondrial monoamine oxidase-aldehyde dehydrogenase pathway. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 20010927 |
Neurological outcome in school-age children after in utero exposure to coumarins. | Early human development 20010701 |
Albumin-bound MRI contrast agents: the dilemma of the rotational correlation time. | Magma (New York, N.Y.) 20010501 |
Substituted benzopyranobenzothiazinones. Synthesis and estrogenic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. | European journal of medicinal chemistry 20010201 |
[Sensitization and crossreaction of simple coumarins]. | Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 20010101 |
Genetic polymorphism in the human UGT1A6 (planar phenol) UDP-glucuronosyltransferase: pharmacological implications. | Pharmacogenetics 19971201 |
Discovery of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors by pharmacophore searching. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 19970314 |
Coumarin-based inhibitors of HIV integrase. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 19970117 |
Structure-based design of novel HIV protease inhibitors: sulfonamide-containing 4-hydroxycoumarins and 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones as potent non-peptidic inhibitors. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 19960607 |
Structure-based design of novel HIV protease inhibitors: carboxamide-containing 4-hydroxycoumarins and 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones as potent nonpeptidic inhibitors. | Journal of medicinal chemistry 19950901 |
Competitive inhibition of HIV-1 protease by 4-hydroxy-benzopyran-2-ones and by 4-hydroxy-6-phenylpyran-2-ones. | Biochemical and biophysical research communications 19940516 |
Inhibitory effect of coumarins on HIV-1 replication and cell-mediated or cell-free viral transmission. | Acta virologica 19930801 |