Home Other Building Blocks Zeaxanthin

Zeaxanthin

CAS No.:
144-68-3
Catalog Number:
AG001IR1
Molecular Formula:
C40H56O2
Molecular Weight:
568.8714
Pack Size
Purity
Availability
Location
Price(USD)
Quantity
  
5mg
In Stock USA
United States
$53
- +
25mg
In Stock USA
United States
$87
- +
100mg
In Stock USA
United States
$223
- +
1g
In Stock USA
United States
$641
- +
Product Description
Catalog Number:
AG001IR1
Chemical Name:
Zeaxanthin
CAS Number:
144-68-3
Molecular Formula:
C40H56O2
Molecular Weight:
568.8714
MDL Number:
MFCD08435940
IUPAC Name:
(1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
InChI:
InChI=1S/C40H56O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-37-33(5)25-35(41)27-39(37,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-38-34(6)26-36(42)28-40(38,9)10/h11-24,35-36,41-42H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t35-,36-/m1/s1
InChI Key:
JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-QAYBQHTQSA-N
SMILES:
O[C@@H]1CC(=C(C(C1)(C)C)/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C1=C(C)C[C@H](CC1(C)C)O)\C)\C)/C)/C)C
EC Number:
205-636-4
UNII:
CV0IB81ORO
NSC Number:
713073
Properties
Complexity:
1190  
Compound Is Canonicalized:
Yes
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:
1  
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:
2  
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:
9  
Exact Mass:
568.428g/mol
Formal Charge:
0
Heavy Atom Count:
42  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:
2  
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:
2  
Isotope Atom Count:
0
Molecular Weight:
568.886g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass:
568.428g/mol
Rotatable Bond Count:
10  
Topological Polar Surface Area:
40.5A^2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count:
0
XLogP3:
10.9  
Literature
Title Journal
Constitutive accumulation of zeaxanthin in tomato alleviates salt stress-induced photoinhibition and photooxidation. Physiologia plantarum 20121101
Serum carotenoids in relation to risk factors for development of atherosclerosis. Clinical biochemistry 20121101
Effect of lutein and zeaxanthin on macular pigment and visual function in patients with early age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 20121101
Improvement of retinal function in early age-related macular degeneration after lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. American journal of ophthalmology 20121001
Enhancement of non-photochemical quenching in the Bryophyte Physcomitrella patens during acclimation to salt and osmotic stress. Plant & cell physiology 20121001
Effect of microfluidization on bioaccessibility of carotenoids from Chlorella ellipsoidea during simulated digestion. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20120919
Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation reduces photooxidative damage and modulates the expression of inflammation-related genes in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Free radical biology & medicine 20120915
Characterization of carotenoid aggregates by steady-state optical spectroscopy. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20120906
Macular pigment density changes in Japanese individuals supplemented with lutein or zeaxanthin: quantification via resonance Raman spectrophotometry and autofluorescence imaging. Japanese journal of ophthalmology 20120901
Macular pigment imaging in AREDS2 participants: an ancillary study of AREDS2 subjects enrolled at the Moran Eye Center. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120901
Changes in membrane lipids and carotenoids during light acclimation in a marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Journal of biosciences 20120901
Efficient heterologous transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii npq2 mutant with the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene isolated and characterized from Chlorella zofingiensis. Marine drugs 20120901
Isolation and characterization of a lycopene ε-cyclase gene of Chlorella (Chromochloris) zofingiensis. Regulation of the carotenogenic pathway by nitrogen and light. Marine drugs 20120901
Identification and quantitative analysis of carotenoids and their esters from sarsaparilla (Smilax aspera L.) berries. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20120822
Spirulina is an effective dietary source of zeaxanthin to humans. The British journal of nutrition 20120801
Effect of moderate and high light on photosystem II function in Arabidopsis thaliana depleted in digalactosyl-diacylglycerol. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20120801
Cloning and characterization of a panel of constitutive promoters for applications in pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnology and bioengineering 20120801
Cloning and selection of carotenoid ketolase genes for the engineering of high-yield astaxanthin in plants. Planta 20120801
Siansivirga zeaxanthinifaciens gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel zeaxanthin-producing member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from coastal seawater of Taiwan. FEMS microbiology letters 20120801
Macular pigment optical density in wet age-related macular degeneration among Indians. Eye (London, England) 20120801
Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment. Experimental eye research 20120801
Two-wavelength fundus autofluorescence and macular pigment optical density imaging in diabetic macular oedema. Eye (London, England) 20120801
Identification of newly zeaxanthin-producing bacteria isolated from sponges in the Gulf of Thailand and their zeaxanthin production. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 20120801
Profiles of macular pigment optical density and their changes following supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin: new results from the LUNA study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120724
Plasma lutein and zeaxanthin and the risk of age-related nuclear cataract among the elderly Finnish population. The British journal of nutrition 20120714
Carotenoid supplementation and GnRH challenges influence female endocrine physiology, immune function, and egg-yolk characteristics in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology 20120701
Amelioration of cisplatin-induced toxicity in mice by carotenoid meso-zeaxanthin. Human & experimental toxicology 20120701
The effect of lutein- and zeaxanthin-rich foods v. supplements on macular pigment level and serological markers of endothelial activation, inflammation and oxidation: pilot studies in healthy volunteers. The British journal of nutrition 20120701
Use of lutein and zeaxanthin alone or combined with Brilliant Blue to identify intraocular structures intraoperatively. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 20120701
The heritability of macular response to supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin: a classic twin study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120701
Comparative analysis of β-carotene hydroxylase genes for astaxanthin biosynthesis. Journal of natural products 20120622
[Determination of lutein and zeaxanthin in serum by high performance liquid chromatography]. Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences 20120618
Insights into the region responding to ΔpH change in major light harvesting complex. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20120604
Effect of fruit and vegetable intake on oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD: a randomised controlled trial. The European respiratory journal 20120601
Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation in preterm infants to prevent retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized controlled study. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians 20120501
Measurement of macular pigment optical density in a healthy Chinese population sample. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120424
A theoretical investigation of xanthophyll-protein hydrogen bonding in the photosystem II antenna. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20120412
[Characteristics of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration and low intake of lutein and zeaxanthin]. Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia 20120401
Serum carotenoids and pulmonary function in older community-dwelling women. The journal of nutrition, health & aging 20120401
Role of xanthophylls in light harvesting in green plants: a spectroscopic investigation of mutant LHCII and Lhcb pigment-protein complexes. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20120329
An evaluation of a novel instrument for measuring macular pigment optical density: the MPS 9000. Acta ophthalmologica 20120301
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies on the interactions of carotenoids and their binding proteins. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20120301
Lutein and zeaxanthin intake and the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The British journal of nutrition 20120201
A review of the evidence germane to the putative protective role of the macular carotenoids for age-related macular degeneration. Molecular nutrition & food research 20120201
Interactions of dietary carotenoids with activated (singlet) oxygen and free radicals: potential effects for human health. Molecular nutrition & food research 20120201
Quantification of macular carotenoids using autofluorescence imaging in patients with photosensitive migraine and benign essential blepharospasm. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20120201
The photoprotective molecular switch in the photosystem II antenna. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20120101
[Changes of macular pigment and drusen morphology in patients with lutein supplementation]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 20120101
Carotenoids in Age-related Maculopathy Italian Study (CARMIS): two-year results of a randomized study. European journal of ophthalmology 20120101
Developmental and stress regulation of gene expression for a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, CstNCED, isolated from Crocus sativus stigmas. Journal of experimental botany 20120101
Overlapping photoprotective function of vitamin E and carotenoids in Chlamydomonas. Plant physiology 20120101
Preparation of highly pure zeaxanthin particles from sea water-cultivated microalgae using supercritical anti-solvent recrystallization. Bioresource technology 20120101
Lutein or zeaxanthin supplementation suppresses inflammatory responses in retinal pigment epithelial cells and macrophages. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 20120101
A naturally occurring carotenoid, lutein, reduces PDGF and H₂O₂ signaling and compromised migration in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Journal of biomedical science 20120101
The relation between serum lipids and lutein and zeaxanthin in the serum and retina: results from cross-sectional, case-control and case study designs. Lipids in health and disease 20120101
Synthesis of highly 13C enriched carotenoids: access to carotenoids enriched with 13C at any position and combination of positions. Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
A multicarotenoid beadlet for human nutrition - proof of concept of in vitro timed release. Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
Carotenoid composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of rose hips. Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
Seasonal changes of violaxanthin cycle pigment de-epoxidation in wintergreen and evergreen plants. Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
Zeaxanthin epoxidation - an in vitro approach. Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
Can macular xanthophylls replace cholesterol in formation of the liquid-ordered phase in lipid-bilayer membranes? Acta biochimica Polonica 20120101
Determination of carotenoids and their esters in fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS. Phytochemical analysis : PCA 20120101
Identification of key residues for pH dependent activation of violaxanthin de-epoxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana. PloS one 20120101
Novel zeaxanthin-producing bacteria isolated from a radioactive hot spring water. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 20120101
Metabolic engineering of Mucor circinelloides for zeaxanthin production. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 20120101
DNA assembler method for construction of zeaxanthin-producing strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 20120101
Carotenoids play a positive role in the degradation of heterocycles by Sphingobium yanoikuyae. PloS one 20120101
Retinoids, carotenoids, and tocopherols in breast adipose tissue and serum of benign breast disease and breast cancer patients. Nutrition and cancer 20120101
The effect of β-carotene on lumbar osteophyte formation. Spine 20111215
Microwave-assisted hydrolysis of lutein and zeaxanthin esters in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.). International journal of food sciences and nutrition 20111201
High serum level of lutein may be protective against early atherosclerosis: the Beijing atherosclerosis study. Atherosclerosis 20111201
Heterosis for carotenoid concentration and profile in maize hybrids. Genome 20111201
Supplementation with all three macular carotenoids: response, stability, and safety. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20111129
Triplet excitons of carotenoids formed by singlet fission in a membrane. Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry 20111118
Assessment of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in patients with unilateral wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Acta ophthalmologica 20111101
The association between macular pigment optical density and CFH, ARMS2, C2/BF, and C3 genotype. Experimental eye research 20111101
Safety assessment of lutein and zeaxanthin (Lutemax 2020): subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity studies. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 20111101
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of zeaxanthin and visual function in patients with atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study (ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973. Optometry (St. Louis, Mo.) 20111101
The xanthophyll cycle and antioxidative defense system are enhanced in the wheat hybrid subjected to high light stress. Journal of plant physiology 20111015
The ringlike structure of macular pigment in age-related maculopathy: results from the Muenster Aging and Retina Study (MARS). Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20111011
Macular pigment optical density in a South Indian population. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20111007
Inverse association of vitamin C with cataract in older people in India. Ophthalmology 20111001
Nutritious crops producing multiple carotenoids--a metabolic balancing act. Trends in plant science 20111001
Macular pigment and visual performance in glare: benefits for photostress recovery, disability glare, and visual discomfort. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110922
Can the Mediterranean diet lower HbA1c in type 2 diabetes? Results from a randomized cross-over study. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 20110901
Functional and morphologic benefits in early detection of neovascular age-related macular degeneration using the preferential hyperacuity perimeter. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 20110901
Macular pigment changes in pseudophakic eyes quantified with resonance Raman spectroscopy. Ophthalmology 20110901
The effects of moderately high temperature on zeaxanthin accumulation and decay. Photosynthesis research 20110901
Changes in thylakoid membrane thickness associated with the reorganization of photosystem II light harvesting complexes during photoprotective energy dissipation. Plant signaling & behavior 20110901
Macular pigment optical density is related to blood glutathione levels in healthy individuals. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110824
Carotenoid and anthocyanin contents of grains of Brazilian maize landraces. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 20110701
Serum carotenoids and risk of age-related macular degeneration in a chinese population sample. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110617
Restoration of rapidly reversible photoprotective energy dissipation in the absence of PsbS protein by enhanced DeltapH. The Journal of biological chemistry 20110603
[Micronutrients and their relevance for the eye--function of lutein, zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde 20110601
Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, V: effects of lutein, zeaxanthin, and n-3 fatty acids on retinal sensitivity to blue-light-induced damage. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110601
Determinants of macular pigment optical density and its relation to age-related maculopathy: results from the Muenster Aging and Retina Study (MARS). Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110601
Acclimation- and mutation-induced enhancement of PsbS levels affects the kinetics of non-photochemical quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 20110601
Functional characterization of various algal carotenoid ketolases reveals that ketolating zeaxanthin efficiently is essential for high production of astaxanthin in transgenic Arabidopsis. Journal of experimental botany 20110601
Naturally high plasma glucose levels in mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) do not lead to high levels of reactive oxygen species in the vasculature. Zoology (Jena, Germany) 20110601
Pterin-based ornamental coloration predicts yolk antioxidant levels in female striped plateau lizards (Sceloporus virgatus). The Journal of animal ecology 20110501
Cataract is a self-defence reaction to protect the retina from oxidative damage. Medical hypotheses 20110501
Lutein from deepoxidation of lutein epoxide replaces zeaxanthin to sustain an enhanced capacity for nonphotochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in avocado shade leaves in the dark. Plant physiology 20110501
Macular pigment distribution in Stargardt macular disease. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 20110501
Nutritional supplementation and age-related macular degeneration. Seminars in ophthalmology 20110501
Supercritical carbon dioxide micronization of zeaxanthin from moderately thermophilic bacteria Muricauda lutaonensis CC-HSB-11T. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20110427
Synergistic metabolism in hybrid corn indicates bottlenecks in the carotenoid pathway and leads to the accumulation of extraordinary levels of the nutritionally important carotenoid zeaxanthin. Plant biotechnology journal 20110401
Macular pigment density at the site of altered fundus autofluorescence. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20110401
Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in response to weight loss. The British journal of nutrition 20110401
Healthy lifestyles related to subsequent prevalence of age-related macular degeneration. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20110401
The impact of macular pigment augmentation on visual performance in normal subjects: COMPASS. Vision research 20110302
A mitochondrial enzyme degrades carotenoids and protects against oxidative stress. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 20110301
Measuring macular pigment optical density in vivo: a review of techniques. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20110301
Low-serum carotenoid concentrations and carotenoid interactions predict mortality in US adults: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) 20110301
Effect of cataract in evaluation of macular pigment optical density by autofluorescence spectrometry. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110216
Prevention of age-related macular degeneration. International ophthalmology 20110201
Biosynthesis of zeaxanthin in recombinant Pseudomonas putida. Applied microbiology and biotechnology 20110201
Enzymatic formation of apo-carotenoids from the xanthophyll carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin by ferret carotene-9',10'-monooxygenase. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20110201
Goji berry effects on macular characteristics and plasma antioxidant levels. Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 20110201
Origin of absorption changes associated with photoprotective energy dissipation in the absence of zeaxanthin. The Journal of biological chemistry 20110107
Submacular DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid eradicates primate photoreceptors but does not affect luteal pigment or the retinal vasculature. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110105
Productivity and selective accumulation of carotenoids of the novel extremophile microalga Chlamydomonas acidophila grown with different carbon sources in batch systems. Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology 20110101
Hepato-protective potential of carotenoid meso-zeaxanthin against paracetamol, CCl4 and ethanol induced toxicity. Indian journal of experimental biology 20110101
[Comparison of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene level in raw and cooked foods consumed in Beijing]. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] 20110101
Reactive oxygen species and transcript analysis upon excess light treatment in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana vs a photosensitive mutant lacking zeaxanthin and lutein. BMC plant biology 20110101
Photoprotection in the brown alga Macrocystis pyrifera: evolutionary implications. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20110101
Biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake in human intervention studies: a systematic review. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 20110101
Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation reduces H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells. Molecular vision 20110101
Activation of violaxanthin cycle in darkness is a common response to different abiotic stresses: a case study in Pelvetia canaliculata. BMC plant biology 20110101
Dynamics of zeaxanthin binding to the photosystem II monomeric antenna protein Lhcb6 (CP24) and modulation of its photoprotection properties. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20101201
A central dip in the macular pigment spatial profile is associated with age and smoking. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20101201
The carotenoids of some food stuffs in Saudi Arabia. International journal of food sciences and nutrition 20101201
The effect of macular pigment on heterochromatic luminance contrast. Experimental eye research 20101201
A theoretical investigation of the photophysical consequences of major plant light-harvesting complex aggregation within the photosynthetic membrane. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20101125
Macular pigment optical density measured by dual-wavelength autofluorescence imaging in diabetic and nondiabetic patients: a comparative study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20101101
The respective relationships between lipoprotein profile, macular pigment optical density, and serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20101101
Effect of n-3 fatty acid enriched eggs and organic eggs on serum lutein in free-living lacto-ovo vegetarians. European journal of clinical nutrition 20101101
Characterization of the beta-carotene hydroxylase gene DSM2 conferring drought and oxidative stress resistance by increasing xanthophylls and abscisic acid synthesis in rice. Plant physiology 20101101
Increased consumption of dietary cholesterol, lutein, and zeaxanthin as egg yolks does not decrease serum concentrations and lipoprotein distribution of other carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) 20101101
The photoprotective mechanisms in Secale cereale leaves under Cu and high light stress condition. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20101005
Macular pigment optical density in central serous chorioretinopathy. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20101001
Bacterial diversity on the surface of potato tubers in soil and the influence of the plant genotype. FEMS microbiology ecology 20101001
Identification of the chromophores involved in aggregation-dependent energy quenching of the monomeric photosystem II antenna protein Lhcb5. The Journal of biological chemistry 20100903
Competitive inhibition of carotenoid transport and tissue concentrations by high dose supplements of lutein, zeaxanthin and beta-carotene. European journal of nutrition 20100901
Light, genotype, and abscisic acid affect chloroplast positioning in guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves in distinct ways. Photosynthesis research 20100901
The role of macular pigment assessment in clinical practice: a review. Clinical & experimental optometry 20100901
Macular telangiectasia: patterns of distribution of macular pigment and response to supplementation. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 20100901
Intake of lutein and zeaxanthin differ with age, sex, and ethnicity. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 20100901
Zeaxanthin inhibits PDGF-BB-induced migration in human dermal fibroblasts. Experimental dermatology 20100801
Identification of alleles of carotenoid pathway genes important for zeaxanthin accumulation in potato tubers. Plant molecular biology 20100801
Purified canola lutein selectively inhibits specific isoforms of mammalian DNA polymerases and reduces inflammatory response. Lipids 20100801
Mutation analysis of violaxanthin de-epoxidase identifies substrate-binding sites and residues involved in catalysis. The Journal of biological chemistry 20100730
Lutein absorption in premature infants. European journal of clinical nutrition 20100701
The relation between the macular carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and temporal vision. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20100701
By the way, doctor. Is it true that cataracts are made of calcium? Can I do anything to avoid getting a cataract? What about diet? Harvard women's health watch 20100701
Comparison between macular pigment optical density measurements using two-wavelength autofluorescence and heterochromatic flicker photometry techniques. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20100601
Resveratrol protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from acrolein-induced damage. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20100601
Enhanced photoprotection by protein-bound vs free xanthophyll pools: a comparative analysis of chlorophyll b and xanthophyll biosynthesis mutants. Molecular plant 20100501
Apolipoprotein E genotype is associated with macular pigment optical density. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20100501
Patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome lack macular pigment. Ophthalmology 20100501
Nutritional supplements for age-related macular degeneration. Current opinion in ophthalmology 20100501
PsbS-specific zeaxanthin-independent changes in fluorescence emission spectrum as a signature of energy-dependent non-photochemical quenching in higher plants. Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 20100501
Eggs distinctly modulate plasma carotenoid and lipoprotein subclasses in adult men following a carbohydrate-restricted diet. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 20100401
Identification of a slowly inducible zeaxanthin-dependent component of non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence generated under steady-state conditions in Arabidopsis. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20100401
[Impact of eating habits on macular pathology assessed by macular pigment optical density measure]. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 20100401
Augmentation of macular pigment following supplementation with all three macular carotenoids: an exploratory study. Current eye research 20100401
The value of measurement of macular carotenoid pigment optical densities and distributions in age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders. Vision research 20100331
Repeated measures of macular pigment optical density to test reproducibility of heterochromatic flicker photometry. Acta ophthalmologica 20100301
The relationship of macular pigment optical density to serum lutein in retinitis pigmentosa. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20100201
NinaB is essential for Drosophila vision but induces retinal degeneration in opsin-deficient photoreceptors. The Journal of biological chemistry 20100115
Effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on aspects of eye health. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 20100115
Screening sweetcorn for enhanced zeaxanthin concentration. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 20100115
Arabidopsis plants lacking PsbS protein possess photoprotective energy dissipation. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 20100101
A simple and reliable method to conduct and monitor expression cassette integration into the Escherichia coli chromosome. Biotechnology journal 20100101
Low-light-induced violaxanthin de-epoxidation in shortly preheated leaves: uncoupling from Delta pH-dependent nonphotochemical quenching. Photochemistry and photobiology 20100101
Effect on orange juice of batch pasteurization in an improved pilot-scale microwave oven. Journal of food science 20100101
The influence of dietary lutein and zeaxanthin on visual performance. Journal of food science 20100101
Macular pigment optical density in an ageing Irish population: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Ophthalmic research 20100101
Anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic potential of the carotenoid meso-zeaxanthin. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 20100101
Overview of diet-gene interactions and the example of xanthophylls. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 20100101
Cloning and characterization of the zeaxanthin glucosyltransferase gene (crtX) from the astaxanthin-producing marine bacterium, Paracoccus haeundaensis. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology 20091201
Effects of mayonnaise on postprandial serum lutein/zeaxanthin and beta-carotene concentrations in humans. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology 20091201
Adaptation of the obligate CAM plant Clusia alata to light stress: Metabolic responses. Journal of plant physiology 20091115
The effect of lutein supplementation on visual fatigue: a psychophysiological analysis. Applied ergonomics 20091101
Moderate heat stress reduces the pH component of the transthylakoid proton motive force in light-adapted, intact tobacco leaves. Plant, cell & environment 20091101
Augmentation of macular pigment following implantation of blue light-filtering intraocular lenses at the time of cataract surgery. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20091001
Antioxidants and periodontitis in 60-70-year-old men. Journal of clinical periodontology 20091001
A descriptive study of lutein and zeaxanthin in optometric practice. Optometry (St. Louis, Mo.) 20091001
Macular pigment and healthy vision. Optometry (St. Louis, Mo.) 20091001
Hypocarotenemia after bariatric surgery: a preliminary study. Obesity surgery 20090701
New transgenic line of Arabidopsis thaliana with partly disabled zeaxanthin epoxidase activity displays changed carotenoid composition, xanthophyll cycle activity and non-photochemical quenching kinetics. Journal of plant physiology 20090701
Analysis of non-photochemical energy dissipating processes in wild type Dunaliella salina (green algae) and in zea1, a mutant constitutively accumulating zeaxanthin. Journal of plant research 20090701
Protective effects of the carotenoid zeaxanthin in experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Digestive diseases and sciences 20090701
A structural basis for the pH-dependent xanthophyll cycle in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant cell 20090701
Effect of zeaxanthin and antioxidant supplementation on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in apolipoprotein-E deficient mice. Current eye research 20090701
Quantification of reduced macular pigment optical density in the central retina in macular telangiectasia type 2. Experimental eye research 20090615
Purification and partial characterization of a lutein-binding protein from human retina. Biochemistry 20090609
Components of variation in serum carotenoid concentrations: the Polyp Prevention Trial. European journal of clinical nutrition 20090601
Long-term plant stanol and sterol ester-enriched functional food consumption, serum lutein/zeaxanthin concentration and macular pigment optical density. The British journal of nutrition 20090601
Properties of zeaxanthin and its radical cation bound to the minor light-harvesting complexes CP24, CP26 and CP29. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20090601
Excitation energy transfer and carotenoid radical cation formation in light harvesting complexes - a theoretical perspective. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20090601
Lutein accumulation in the absence of zeaxanthin restores nonphotochemical quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 mutant. The Plant cell 20090601
Highly sensitive and accurate profiling of carotenoids by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Journal of separation science 20090501
Dietary compound score and risk of age-related macular degeneration in the age-related eye disease study. Ophthalmology 20090501
Associations between lutein, zeaxanthin, and age-related macular degeneration: an overview. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 20090401
A multifactorial test of the effects of carotenoid access, food intake and parasite load on the production of ornamental feathers and bill coloration in American goldfinches. The Journal of experimental biology 20090401
Influence of zeaxanthin and echinenone binding on the activity of the orange carotenoid protein. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20090401
Zeaxanthin, a retinal carotenoid, protects retinal cells against oxidative stress. Current eye research 20090401
A mechanism of energy dissipation in cyanobacteria. Biophysical journal 20090318
Foveal anatomic associations with the secondary peak and the slope of the macular pigment spatial profile. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20090301
Calorimetric studies of the effect of cis-carotenoids on the thermotropic phase behavior of phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Biophysical chemistry 20090301
Inverse association between serum concentrations of neopterin and antioxidants in patients with and without angiographic coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 20090201
The zeaxanthin-independent and zeaxanthin-dependent qE components of nonphotochemical quenching involve common conformational changes within the photosystem II antenna in Arabidopsis. Plant physiology 20090201
De novo synthesis and degradation of Lx and V cycle pigments during shade and sun acclimation in avocado leaves. Plant physiology 20090201
Influence of the farming system on the xanthophyll content of soft and hard wheat. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20090114
[The macular pigment: short- and intermediate-term changes of macular pigment optical density following supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin and co-antioxidants. The LUNA Study]. Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 20090101
Plasma carotenoids and diabetic retinopathy. The British journal of nutrition 20090101
Mechanism and regulation of the violaxanthin cycle: the role of antenna proteins and membrane lipids. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20090101
Photosynthesis, non-photochemical pathways and activities of antioxidant enzymes in a resilient evergreen oak under different climatic conditions from a valley-savanna in Southwest China. Physiologia plantarum 20090101
Lutein and zeaxanthin in eye and skin health. Clinics in dermatology 20090101
[Specification of reflectometric measurement complex to evaluate optic density of macular pigments and concentration of phototoxic chemicals in retina]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia 20090101
Macular pigment optical density relates to foveal thickness. European journal of ophthalmology 20090101
Xanthophylls and eye health of infants and adults. Le Journal medical libanais. The Lebanese medical journal 20090101
[Macular pigments]. Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia 20090101
A supplementation study in human subjects with a combination of meso-zeaxanthin, (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin and (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein. The British journal of nutrition 20081201
Lutein and zeaxanthin measured separately in the living human retina with fundus reflectometry. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20081201
Characterization of cyanobacterial carotenoid ketolase CrtW and hydroxylase CrtR by complementation analysis in Escherichia coli. Plant & cell physiology 20081201
Possible role for dietary lutein and zeaxanthin in visual development. Nutrition reviews 20081201
Carotenoid bioaccessibility from whole grain and degermed maize meal products. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20081112
The synthesis of NPQ-effective zeaxanthin depends on the presence of a transmembrane proton gradient and a slightly basic stromal side of the thylakoid membrane. Planta 20081101
Inconsistencies and gaps in evidence concerning vitamins and risk of cataract. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20081101
Kinetic modeling of charge-transfer quenching in the CP29 minor complex. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20081023
A pronounced light-induced zeaxanthin formation accompanied by an unusually slight increase in non-photochemical quenching: a study with barley leaves treated with methyl viologen at moderate light. Journal of plant physiology 20081009
Carotenoid intakes, assessed by food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs), are associated with serum carotenoid concentrations in the Jackson Heart Study: validation of the Jackson Heart Study Delta NIRI Adult FFQs. Public health nutrition 20081001
The relationship between total plasma carotenoids and risk factors for chronic disease among middle-aged and older men. The British journal of nutrition 20081001
Glucose sensing and the mitochondrial alternative pathway are involved in the regulation of astaxanthin biosynthesis in the dark-grown Chlorella zofingiensis (Chlorophyceae). Planta 20081001
Can membrane-bound carotenoid pigment zeaxanthin carry out a transmembrane proton transfer? Biochimica et biophysica acta 20081001
Time- and media-dependent secondary carotenoid accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis. Biotechnology journal 20081001
Sunlight exposure, antioxidants, and age-related macular degeneration. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20081001
Oral supplementation of lutein/zeaxanthin and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in persons aged 60 years or older, with or without AMD. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20080901
The role of lutein in the acclimation of higher plant chloroplast membranes to suboptimal conditions. Physiologia plantarum 20080901
Metabolism of lutein and zeaxanthin in rhesus monkeys: identification of (3R,6'R)- and (3R,6'S)-3'-dehydro-lutein as common metabolites and comparison to humans. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology 20080901
Lutein/zeaxanthin. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20080901
Enhancing the carotenoid content of Brassica napus seeds by downregulating lycopene epsilon cyclase. Transgenic research 20080801
Xanthophylls are preferentially taken up compared with beta-carotene by retinal cells via a SRBI-dependent mechanism. Journal of lipid research 20080801
Pigment alterations in the brown mussel Perna perna. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology 20080801
Phytochemicals and age-related eye diseases. Nutrition reviews 20080801
Lutein and zeaxanthin for macular degeneration. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 20080701
Abnormal macular pigment distribution in type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 20080601
[Growth and metabolite production of the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. (Chroococcales) in function to irradiance]. Revista de biologia tropical 20080601
Biologic activity of carotenoids related to distinct membrane physicochemical interactions. The American journal of cardiology 20080522
Architecture of a charge-transfer state regulating light harvesting in a plant antenna protein. Science (New York, N.Y.) 20080509
Macular pigment density and age-related maculopathy in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study. An ancillary study of the women's health initiative. Ophthalmology 20080501
Short-term down-regulation of zeaxanthin epoxidation in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to photo-oxidative stress conditions. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20080501
Macular pigment: new clinical methods of detection and the role of carotenoids in age-related macular degeneration. Optometry (St. Louis, Mo.) 20080501
Spatial profile of macular pigment and its relationship to foveal architecture. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20080501
Serum carotenoid concentrations in postmenopausal women from the United States with and without osteoporosis. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20080501
The Lhcb protein and xanthophyll composition of the light harvesting antenna controls the DeltapH-dependency of non-photochemical quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS letters 20080430
Dynamics of the xanthophyll cycle and non-radiative dissipation of absorbed light energy during exposure of Norway spruce to high irradiance. Journal of plant physiology 20080418
Beneficial effect of zeaxanthin on retinal metabolic abnormalities in diabetic rats. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20080401
Simple replacement of violaxanthin by zeaxanthin in LHC-II does not cause chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 20080301
Association between allelic variation at the Phytoene synthase 1 gene and yellow pigment content in the wheat grain. TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 20080301
Nubsella zeaxanthinifaciens gen. nov., sp. nov., a zeaxanthin-producing bacterium of the family Sphingobacteriaceae isolated from freshwater. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 20080301
Zeaxanthin is bioavailable from genetically modified zeaxanthin-rich potatoes. European journal of nutrition 20080301
Diet and risk factors for age-related maculopathy. The American journal of clinical nutrition 20080301
Macular pigment and age-related macular degeneration: longitudinal data and better techniques of measurement are needed. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20080301
Associations between age-related nuclear cataract and lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum in the Carotenoids in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, an Ancillary Study of the Women's Health Initiative. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20080301
Pulsed EPR and DFT characterization of radicals produced by photo-oxidation of zeaxanthin and violaxanthin on silica-alumina. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20080214
Zeaxanthin radical cation formation in minor light-harvesting complexes of higher plant antenna. The Journal of biological chemistry 20080208
Carotenoids and antioxidants in age-related maculopathy italian study: multifocal electroretinogram modifications after 1 year. Ophthalmology 20080201
Carotenoids and throat pouch coloration in the great frigatebird (Fregata minor). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology 20080201
Development and validation of a brief food frequency questionnaire for dietary lutein and zeaxanthin intake assessment in Italian women. European journal of nutrition 20080201
Macular pigment and visual performance under glare conditions. Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 20080201
Macular pigment in the human retina: histological evaluation of localization and distribution. Eye (London, England) 20080101
Transmembrane localization of cis-isomers of zeaxanthin in the host dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer membrane. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20080101
Laurdan fluorescence spectroscopy in the thylakoid bilayer: the effect of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin conversion on the galactolipid dominated lipid environment. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20080101
Macular carotenoid levels of normal subjects and age-related maculopathy patients in a Japanese population. Ophthalmology 20080101
Parasite-mediated growth patterns and nutritional constraints in a cavity-nesting bird. The Journal of animal ecology 20080101
Transport and retinal capture of lutein and zeaxanthin with reference to age-related macular degeneration. Survey of ophthalmology 20080101
Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20080101
Microalgal mediation of ripple mobility. Geobiology 20080101
[The assessment and characteristic of dietary supplements with lutein and zeaxanthin on the Polish pharmaceutical market]. Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny 20080101
[Light-absorbing and antiradical properties of a product with lutein and zeaxanthin in vitro and kinetics of carotinoids at single oral administration on rats]. Voprosy pitaniia 20080101
[Nutrition in prevention of age-related macular degeneration]. Przeglad lekarski 20080101
Zeaxanthin has enhanced antioxidant capacity with respect to all other xanthophylls in Arabidopsis leaves and functions independent of binding to PSII antennae. Plant physiology 20071201
Age related macular degeneration--should your patients be taking additional supplements? Australian family physician 20071201
AMD study: a feast for the eyes. The Johns Hopkins medical letter health after 50 20071201
Lutein and zeaxanthin protect photoreceptors from apoptosis induced by oxidative stress: relation with docosahexaenoic acid. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20071101
Neighborhood Deprivation is associated with lower levels of serum carotenoids among adults participating in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 20071101
Levels of fat-soluble micronutrients and 2,6-cyclolycopene-1,5-diol in head and neck cancer patients. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20071101
Dietary lutein, zeaxanthin, and fats and the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie 20071001
The solubilisation pattern of lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and beta-carotene differ characteristically in liposomes, liver microsomes and retinal epithelial cells. Biophysical chemistry 20070901
Membrane curvature stress controls the maximal conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin in the violaxanthin cycle--influence of alpha-tocopherol, cetylethers, linolenic acid, and temperature. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20070901
Modified saponification and HPLC methods for analyzing carotenoids from the retina of quail: implications for its use as a nonprimate model species. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070901
The prime role of HDL to transport lutein into the retina: evidence from HDL-deficient WHAM chicks having a mutant ABCA1 transporter. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070901
Serum carotenoid levels vary by marital status. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 20070901
The relationship of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A, E, and C intake with age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 22. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20070901
Identification and metabolic transformations of carotenoids in ocular tissues of the Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. Biochemistry 20070807
Elevated zeaxanthin bound to oligomeric LHCII enhances the resistance of Arabidopsis to photooxidative stress by a lipid-protective, antioxidant mechanism. The Journal of biological chemistry 20070803
Lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin protect against DNA damage in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells induced by reactive nitrogen species. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20070727
Lutein and zeaxanthin in leafy greens and their bioavailability: olive oil influences the absorption of dietary lutein and its accumulation in adult rats. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20070725
Application of polymer based stationary phases in high performance liquid chromatography and capillary high performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to microcoil 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Journal of chromatography. A 20070713
Low plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 20070701
Intake of specific carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. The British journal of nutrition 20070701
Comparison of the uptake and secretion of carotene and xanthophyll carotenoids by Caco-2 intestinal cells. The British journal of nutrition 20070701
Macular pigment optical density at four retinal loci during 120 days of lutein supplementation. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20070701
Acculturation in the United States is associated with lower serum carotenoid levels: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 20070701
Influence of macular pigment and melanin on incident early AMD in a white population. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20070601
Mesoflavibacter zeaxanthinifaciens gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel zeaxanthin-producing marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Systematic and applied microbiology 20070601
Dependence of reaction center-type energy-dependent quenching on photosystem II antenna size. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20070601
Macular pigment: a test of the acuity hypothesis. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070601
Measurement of macular pigment optical density using two different heterochromatic flicker photometers. Current eye research 20070601
Photoinhibition, carotenoid composition and the co-regulation of photochemical and non-photochemical quenching in neotropical savanna trees. Tree physiology 20070501
Nutritional supplementation in age-related macular degeneration. Current opinion in ophthalmology 20070501
Investigation of the effect of simulated lens yellowing, transparency loss and refractive error on in vivo resonance Raman spectroscopy. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20070501
Phylogeny-directed structural analysis of the Arabidopsis PsbS protein. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20070406
Carotenoid radical cations as a probe for the molecular mechanism of nonphotochemical quenching in oxygenic photosynthesis. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20070405
Rare carotenoids, (3R)-saproxanthin and (3R,2'S)-myxol, isolated from novel marine bacteria (Flavobacteriaceae) and their antioxidative activities. Applied microbiology and biotechnology 20070401
Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of its constituent carotenoids following supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin: the LUNA study. Experimental eye research 20070401
Unravelling the chemical basis of the bathochromic shift in the lobster carapace; new crystal structures of unbound astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and zeaxanthin. Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science 20070401
Identification of 3-methoxyzeaxanthin as a novel age-related carotenoid metabolite in the human macula. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070401
The transiently generated nonphotochemical quenching of excitation energy in Arabidopsis leaves is modulated by zeaxanthin. Plant physiology 20070401
Carotenoid biosynthesis in the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. Eukaryotic cell 20070301
Solubility, uptake and biocompatibility of lutein and zeaxanthin delivered to cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells in tween40 micelles. European journal of nutrition 20070301
The selective retention of lutein, meso-zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin in the retina of chicks fed a xanthophyll-free diet. Experimental eye research 20070301
Macular pigment and lutein supplementation in ABCA4-associated retinal degenerations. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070301
Plasma carotenoid levels and cognitive performance in an elderly population: results of the EVA Study. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20070301
Xanthophyll accumulation in the human retina during supplementation with lutein or zeaxanthin - the LUXEA (LUtein Xanthophyll Eye Accumulation) study. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20070215
HPLC measurement of ocular carotenoid levels in human donor eyes in the lutein supplementation era. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070201
The relationships between macular pigment optical density and its constituent carotenoids in diet and serum. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20070201
Comparison of the absorption efficiency of alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin in female Wistar rats. The British journal of nutrition 20070201
The roles of specific xanthophylls in light utilization. Planta 20070101
Differential effects of carotenoids on lipid peroxidation due to membrane interactions: X-ray diffraction analysis. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20070101
Risk factors for age-related maculopathy are associated with a relative lack of macular pigment. Experimental eye research 20070101
The giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera presents a different nonphotochemical quenching control than higher plants. The New phytologist 20070101
The influence of di-acetylation of the hydroxyl groups on the anti-tumor-proliferation activity of lutein and zeaxanthin. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition 20070101
Beneficial long-term effects of combined oral/topical antioxidant treatment with the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin on human skin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Skin pharmacology and physiology 20070101
Dietary lutein/zeaxanthin partially reduces photoaging and photocarcinogenesis in chronically UVB-irradiated Skh-1 hairless mice. Skin pharmacology and physiology 20070101
Trapping of the quenched conformation associated with non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence at low temperature. Photosynthesis research 20070101
Carotenoid coloration in greenfinches is individually consistent irrespective of foraging ability. Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ 20070101
Plasma carotenoids and prostate cancer: a population-based case-control study in Arkansas. Nutrition and cancer 20070101
Processed and prepared corn products as sources of lutein and zeaxanthin: compositional variation in the food chain. Journal of food science 20070101
Fruits and stir-fried vegetables increase plasma carotenoids in young adults. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition 20070101
Quantification of 3R,3'R-zeaxanthin in plant derived food by a diastereomeric dilution assay applying chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of chromatography. A 20061229
Macular pigment optical density measurement in autofluorescence imaging: comparison of one- and two-wavelength methods. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20061201
Influence of astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein on DNA damage and repair in UVA-irradiated cells. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20061201
Chloroplast NAD kinase is essential for energy transduction through the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthesis. Plant & cell physiology 20061201
Macular pigment optical density and photophobia light threshold. Vision research 20061201
Dose-ranging study of lutein supplementation in persons aged 60 years or older. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20061201
The effect of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation on metabolites of these carotenoids in the serum of persons aged 60 or older. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20061201
Chronic ingestion of (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein and (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin in the female rhesus macaque. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20061201
Macular pigment measurements: which method should we use? Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20061201
Femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy of xanthophylls. The journal of physical chemistry. B 20061116
Xanthophyll-induced aggregation of LHCII as a switch between light-harvesting and energy dissipation systems. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20061101
Do carotenoid-based sexual traits signal the availability of non-pigmentary antioxidants? The Journal of experimental biology 20061101
Macular carotenoids and age-related maculopathy. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 20061101
A two-photon excitation study on the role of carotenoid dark states in the regulation of plant photosynthesis. Photosynthesis research 20061101
The relationship between antioxidant nutrient intake and cataracts in older people. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20061101
Great apes show highly selective plasma carotenoids and have physiologically high plasma retinyl esters compared to humans. American journal of physical anthropology 20061001
The retinal carotenoids zeaxanthin and lutein scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl radicals: a chemiluminescence and ESR study. Molecular vision 20060930
Plasma lycopene, other carotenoids, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. American journal of epidemiology 20060915
Three-dimensional model of zeaxanthin binding PsbS protein associated with nonphotochemical quenching of excess quanta of light energy absorbed by the photosynthetic apparatus. Journal of molecular modeling 20060901
Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin: authors' response. The British journal of ophthalmology 20060901
Lutein and zeaxanthin and the risk of cataract: the Melbourne visual impairment project. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20060901
Associations between intermediate age-related macular degeneration and lutein and zeaxanthin in the Carotenoids in Age-related Eye Disease Study (CAREDS): ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20060801
Lutein and zeaxanthin dietary intake and age related macular degeneration. The British journal of ophthalmology 20060701
Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20060701
Enhanced bioavailability of zeaxanthin in a milk-based formulation of wolfberry (Gou Qi Zi; Fructus barbarum L.). The British journal of nutrition 20060701
A micellar model system for the role of zeaxanthin in the non-photochemical quenching process of photosynthesis--chlorophyll fluorescence quenching by the xanthophylls. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20060701
Coordinate up-regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis as a response to light stress in Synechococcus PCC7942. Plant, cell & environment 20060701
Macular pigment and ocular biometry. Vision research 20060601
Light emission originating from photosystem II radical pair recombination is sensitive to zeaxanthin related non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20060601
Plasma lutein and zeaxanthin and other carotenoids as modifiable risk factors for age-related maculopathy and cataract: the POLA Study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20060601
Treatment of nonexudative (dry) age-related macular degeneration. Current opinion in ophthalmology 20060601
Associations of serum carotenoid concentrations with the development of diabetes and with insulin concentration: interaction with smoking: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. American journal of epidemiology 20060515
Accumulation of macular xanthophylls in unsaturated membrane domains. Free radical biology & medicine 20060515
Photooxidation of A2-PE, a photoreceptor outer segment fluorophore, and protection by lutein and zeaxanthin. Experimental eye research 20060501
Annual variation in photo acclimation and photoprotection of the photobiont in the foliose lichen Xanthoria parietina. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20060501
Intake of vitamin A and carotenoids from the Italian population--results of an Italian total diet study. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20060501
Prediagnostic level of serum retinol in relation to reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 20060405
PsbS enhances nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching in the absence of zeaxanthin. FEBS letters 20060403
The crtS gene of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous encodes a novel cytochrome-P450 hydroxylase involved in the conversion of beta-carotene into astaxanthin and other xanthophylls. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 20060401
Low growth temperatures modify the efficiency of light use by photosystem II for CO2 assimilation in leaves of two chilling-tolerant C4 species, Cyperus longus L. and Miscanthus x giganteus. Plant, cell & environment 20060401
The effects of supplementation with lutein and/or zeaxanthin on human macular pigment density and colour vision. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20060301
Evidence for a rebinding of antheraxanthin to the light-harvesting complex during the epoxidation reaction of the violaxanthin cycle. Journal of plant physiology 20060301
Does dietary lutein and zeaxanthin increase the risk of age related macular degeneration? The Melbourne Visual Impairment Project. The British journal of ophthalmology 20060301
I recently read that zeaxanthin may help prevent cataracts. Does it also help treat macular degeneration? And is it better than lutein for macular degeneration? Health news (Waltham, Mass.) 20060301
Characterization of a nonphotochemical quenching-deficient Arabidopsis mutant possessing an intact PsbS protein, xanthophyll cycle and lumen acidification. Planta 20060201
Low levels of carotenoids and retinol in involutional osteoporosis. Bone 20060201
Antioxidants in the egg yolk of a wild passerine: differences between breeding seasons. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology 20060201
Metabolic responses to water deficit in two Eucalyptus globulus clones with contrasting drought sensitivity. Tree physiology 20060201
Quantitative variations of individual carotenoids in relationship with the leaflet development of six species of the genus Ceratozamia (Cycads). Journal of plant physiology 20060201
Influences of carotenoid supplementation on the integrated antioxidant system of a free living endangered passerine, the hihi (Notiomystis cincta). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology 20060201
Macular pigment shows ringlike structures. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20060201
Monthly consistency of macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin. Current eye research 20060201
Effects of orlistat therapy on plasma concentrations of oxygenated and hydrocarbon carotenoids. Lipids 20060201
Reconstitution of beta-carotene hydroxylase activity of thermostable CYP175A1 monooxygenase. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20060106
Enhanced lutein bioavailability by lyso-phosphatidylcholine in rats. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 20060101
Conservation and dissipation of light energy as complementary processes: homoiohydric and poikilohydric autotrophs. Journal of experimental botany 20060101
Thermal energy dissipation in reaction centres and in the antenna of photosystem II protects desiccated poikilohydric mosses against photo-oxidation. Journal of experimental botany 20060101
Ketocarotenoid formation in transgenic potato. Journal of experimental botany 20060101
[Macular pigment and age-related macular degeneration. Clinical implications]. Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie 20060101
[Vitamins for prevention of age related macular degeneration: efficacy and risk]. Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie 20060101
[The source of antioxidants]. Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie 20060101
[Legislation and risk potential of harmful use of complementary nutrition supplements]. Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie 20060101
Involvement of serum retinoids and Leiden mutation in patients with esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers in Hungary. World journal of gastroenterology 20051228
Plasma carotenoids as biomarkers of intake of fruits and vegetables: individual-level correlations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). European journal of clinical nutrition 20051201
Vitamin E protects against photoinhibition and photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant cell 20051201
Heritability of macular pigment: a twin study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20051201
Carotenoid actions and their relation to health and disease. Molecular aspects of medicine 20051201
Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas. IV. Effects of n--3 fatty acids, lutein, and zeaxanthin on S-cones and rods in the foveal region. Experimental eye research 20051101
Production of deuterated zeaxanthin by Flavobacterium multivorum and its detection by resonance Raman and mass spectrometric methods. Biotechnology letters 20051101
Incorporation of carotenoid esters into liposomes. Biophysical chemistry 20051022
Serum levels of macular carotenoids in relation to age-related maculopathy: the Muenster Aging and Retina Study (MARS). Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20051001
Dietary modulation of lens zeaxanthin in quail. Experimental eye research 20051001
Implications of carotenoid biosynthetic genes in apocarotenoid formation during the stigma development of Crocus sativus and its closer relatives. Plant physiology 20051001
An improved HPLC method for determination of carotenoids in human serum. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20050925
Heat-induced and light-induced isomerization of the xanthophyll pigment zeaxanthin. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20050901
Excited-state processes in the carotenoid zeaxanthin after excess energy excitation. The journal of physical chemistry. A 20050811
Role of electron-transfer quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by carotenoids in non-photochemical quenching of green plants. Biochemical Society transactions 20050801
[Studies on chemical constitutes of green alga Chaetomorpha basiretorsa and their bioactivity]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 20050801
Ultrafast transient lens spectroscopy of various C40 carotenoids: lycopene, beta-carotene, (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin, (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein, echinenone, canthaxanthin, and astaxanthin. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 20050721
Electrospray tandem mass spectrometric analysis of zeaxanthin and its oxidation products. Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 20050701
Balance of xanthophylls molecular and protonated molecular ions in electrospray ionization. Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 20050701
Lycopene but not lutein nor zeaxanthin decreases in serum and lipoproteins in age-related macular degeneration patients. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 20050701
Light and oxygenic photosynthesis: energy dissipation as a protection mechanism against photo-oxidation. EMBO reports 20050701
Towards elucidating the energy of the first excited singlet state of xanthophyll cycle pigments by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20050601
Lutein and zeaxanthin. Monograph. Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic 20050601
Bioactivity and protective effects of natural carotenoids. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20050530
Synergistic effects of zeaxanthin and its binding protein in the prevention of lipid membrane oxidation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20050530
Isolation of carotenoids from plant materials and dietary supplements by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Journal of chromatography. A 20050513
Spectral absorbance and spatial distribution of macular pigment using heterochromatic flicker photometry. Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 20050501
Assessment of the validity of in vivo methods of measuring human macular pigment optical density. Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 20050501
A mechanism of nonphotochemical energy dissipation, independent from PsbS, revealed by a conformational change in the antenna protein CP26. The Plant cell 20050401
Age-related macular degeneration and its possible prevention. The Medical journal of Australia 20050321
Isolation of a novel carotenoid-rich protein in Cyanophora paradoxa that is immunologically related to the light-harvesting complexes of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Plant & cell physiology 20050301
Measurement of macular pigment: Raman spectroscopy versus heterochromatic flicker photometry. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20050301
Isolation and purification of the bioactive carotenoid zeaxanthin from the microalga Microcystis aeruginosa by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Journal of chromatography. A 20050204
Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, III: Effects of lutein or zeaxanthin supplementation on adipose tissue and retina of xanthophyll-free monkeys. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20050201
Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin: possible effects on visual function. Nutrition reviews 20050201
Carotenoid cation formation and the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting. Science (New York, N.Y.) 20050121
Molecular design of the photosystem II light-harvesting antenna: photosynthesis and photoprotection. Journal of experimental botany 20050101
Macular carotenoids: lutein and zeaxanthin. Developments in ophthalmology 20050101
Fasting plasma zeaxanthin response to Fructus barbarum L. (wolfberry; Kei Tze) in a food-based human supplementation trial. The British journal of nutrition 20050101
Obesity, lutein metabolism, and age-related macular degeneration: a web of connections. Nutrition reviews 20050101
The macular xanthophylls. Survey of ophthalmology 20050101
Chromatographic analysis of carotenol fatty acid esters in Physalis alkekengi and Hippophae rhamnoides. Phytochemical analysis : PCA 20050101
The photoreceptor protector zeaxanthin induces cell death in neuroblastoma cells. Anticancer research 20050101
Relationship between plasma carotenoids and prostate cancer. Nutrition and cancer 20050101
Lutein and zeaxanthin and their potential roles in disease prevention. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 20041201
Identification and characterization of a Pi isoform of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) as a zeaxanthin-binding protein in the macula of the human eye. The Journal of biological chemistry 20041119
Macular pigment and percentage of body fat. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20041101
[Nutrition and age-related macular degeneration]. Journal francais d'ophtalmologie 20041101
Heterochromatic flicker photometry. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20041015
On the structure of carotenoid iodine complexes. Organic & biomolecular chemistry 20041007
Determination of carotenoid stereoisomers in commercial dietary supplements by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20041006
Macular pigment optical density and its relationship with serum and dietary levels of lutein and zeaxanthin. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20041001
Macular pigment density and aging, assessed in the normal elderly and those with cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. American journal of ophthalmology 20041001
Enrichment of eggs with lutein. Poultry science 20041001
Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, I: effects of lutein or zeaxanthin supplements on serum and macular pigment in xanthophyll-free rhesus monkeys. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20040901
Nutritional manipulation of primate retinas, II: effects of age, n-3 fatty acids, lutein, and zeaxanthin on retinal pigment epithelium. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20040901
Association between serum concentrations of micronutrients and lower urinary tract symptoms in older men in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Urology 20040901
Insights into the molecular dynamics of plant light-harvesting proteins in vivo. Trends in plant science 20040801
An ideal ocular nutritional supplement? Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) 20040701
Plasma carotenoid concentrations in relation to acute respiratory infections in elderly people. The British journal of nutrition 20040701
Assessment of carotenoid bioavailability of whole foods using a Caco-2 cell culture model coupled with an in vitro digestion. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20040630
Dietary sources of vitamin C, vitamin E and specific carotenoids in Spain. The British journal of nutrition 20040601
Dietary carotenoids and risk of colon cancer: case-control study. International journal of cancer 20040520
Zeaxanthin in combination with ascorbic acid or alpha-tocopherol protects ARPE-19 cells against photosensitized peroxidation of lipids. Free radical biology & medicine 20040501
Comparison of plasma responses in human subjects after the ingestion of 3R,3R'-zeaxanthin dipalmitate from wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) and non-esterified 3R,3R'-zeaxanthin using chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. The British journal of nutrition 20040501
High-light stress and photoprotection in Umbilicaria antarctica monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and changes in zeaxanthin and glutathione. Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) 20040501
The xanthophyll cycle in green algae (chlorophyta): its role in the photosynthetic apparatus. Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) 20040501
Patient information. Eggs: big nutrition in a small package. Advance for nurse practitioners 20040501
Photosynthetic pigment composition and photosystem II photochemistry of wheat ears. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB 20040501
Assessing macular pigment from SLO images. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology 20040501
The effect of zeaxanthin as the only xanthophyll on the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Journal of biological chemistry 20040402
Non-photochemical quenching kinetics during the dark to light transition in relation to the formation of antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin. Journal of theoretical biology 20040321
Apparent paradox of low-fat 'healthy' diets increasing plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a). Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20040301
Progression of carotid intima-media thickness and plasma antioxidants: the Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 20040201
A comparison of lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in formula and human milk samples from Northern Ireland mothers. European journal of clinical nutrition 20040101
Noninvasive detection of macular pigments in the human eye. Journal of biomedical optics 20040101
Significance of the lipid phase in the dynamics and functions of the xanthophyll cycle as revealed by PsbS overexpression in tobacco and in-vitro de-epoxidation in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol micelles. Plant & cell physiology 20040101
Factorial analysis of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates for optimization of zeaxanthin production from Flavobacterium multivorum. Journal of applied microbiology 20040101
Nutritional supplements in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration. Insight (American Society of Ophthalmic Registered Nurses) 20040101
Oxidation of carotenoids by heat and tobacco smoke. BioFactors (Oxford, England) 20040101
Serum carotenoid and retinol levels during childhood infections. Annals of nutrition & metabolism 20040101
Differential accumulation and pigmenting ability of dietary carotenoids in colorful finches. Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ 20040101
Carotenoid status among preschool children with vitamin A deficiency in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition 20040101
Effects of LDL-immunoapheresis on plasma concentrations of vitamin E and carotenoids in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Journal of clinical apheresis 20040101
Interaction of isomeric forms of xanthophyll pigment zeaxanthin with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine studied in monomolecular layers. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20031205
Macular pigment: quantitative analysis on autofluorescence images. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 20031201
Carotenoids, immunocompetence, and the information content of sexual colors: an experimental test. The American naturalist 20031201
Identification and quantification of zeaxanthin esters in plants using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20031119
Cooperation of antioxidants in protection against photosensitized oxidation. Free radical biology & medicine 20031115
Thermal processing of vegetables increases cis isomers of lutein and zeaxanthin. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20031008
Zeaxanthin deficiency enhances the high light sensitivity of an ascorbate-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis. Plant physiology 20031001
Are lutein and zeaxanthin conditionally essential nutrients for eye health? Medical hypotheses 20031001
Synthetic and tomato-based lycopene have identical bioavailability in humans. European journal of nutrition 20031001
Capillary high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of lutein and zeaxanthin in aqueous humor from a single mouse eye. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20030925
Photo- and antioxidative protection, and a role for salicylic acid during drought and recovery in field-grown Phillyrea angustifolia plants. Planta 20030901
Nutritional and clinical relevance of lutein in human health. The British journal of nutrition 20030901
Prospective study of serum retinol, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and lutein/zeaxanthin and esophageal and gastric cancers in China. Cancer causes & control : CCC 20030901
Antioxidant intake and primary open-angle glaucoma: a prospective study. American journal of epidemiology 20030815
Dietary lutein/zeaxanthin decreases ultraviolet B-induced epidermal hyperproliferation and acute inflammation in hairless mice. The Journal of investigative dermatology 20030801
The effect of an acute phase response on tissue carotenoid levels of growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology 20030801
Temperature-induced greening of Chlorella vulgaris. The role of the cellular energy balance and zeaxanthin-dependent nonphotochemical quenching. Planta 20030801
Resonance Raman measurement of macular carotenoids in retinal, choroidal, and macular dystrophies. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20030701
Resonant Raman quantification of zeaxanthin production from Flavobacterium multivorum. Biotechnology letters 20030701
Lutein and zeaxanthin status and risk of age-related macular degeneration. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20030601
Functional analysis of beta- and epsilon-ring carotenoid hydroxylases in Arabidopsis. The Plant cell 20030601
Multinational study of major breast milk carotenoids of healthy mothers. European journal of nutrition 20030601
Incorporation of carotenoids from paprika oleoresin into human chylomicrons. The British journal of nutrition 20030601
Plasma carotenoid levels in relation to the Mediterranean diet in Greece. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20030501
Plasma carotenoid levels in relation to tobacco smoking and demographic factors. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20030501
Immune activation rapidly mirrored in a secondary sexual trait. Science (New York, N.Y.) 20030404
Singlet oxygen quenching by dietary carotenoids in a model membrane environment. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20030401
Activator mutagenesis of the pink scutellum1/viviparous7 locus of maize. The Plant cell 20030401
Zeaxanthin accumulation in the absence of a functional xanthophyll cycle protects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from photooxidative stress. The Plant cell 20030401
Quantification of carotenoids in chicken plasma after feeding free or esterified lutein and capsanthin using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Poultry science 20030301
Non-nutritive bioactive constituents of plants: lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition 20030301
Distribution of lutein, zeaxanthin, and related geometrical isomers in fruit, vegetables, wheat, and pasta products. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20030226
Thermotropic phase behaviour of alpha-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine multibilayers is influenced to various extents by carotenoids containing different structural features--evidence from differential scanning calorimetry. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20030131
A mutant of the green alga Dunaliella salina constitutively accumulates zeaxanthin under all growth conditions. Biotechnology and bioengineering 20030105
Light exposure and macular pigment optical density. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20030101
Oxidative remodeling of chromoplast carotenoids: identification of the carotenoid dioxygenase CsCCD and CsZCD genes involved in Crocus secondary metabolite biogenesis. The Plant cell 20030101
An efficient conversion of (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein to (3R,3'S,6'R)-lutein (3'-epilutein) and (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin. Journal of natural products 20030101
Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye. Annual review of nutrition 20030101
Paracoccus zeaxanthinifaciens sp. nov., a zeaxanthin-producing bacterium. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 20030101
Aging of cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells: oxidative reactions, lipofuscin formation and blue light damage. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology 20030101
Dietary carotenoid intake as a predictor of bone mineral density. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition 20030101
Comparison of violaxanthin de-epoxidation from the stroma and lumen sides of isolated thylakoid membranes from Arabidopsis: implications for the mechanism of de-epoxidation. Planta 20021201
Lens aging in relation to nutritional determinants and possible risk factors for age-related cataract. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20021201
Carotenoids and carotenoid esters in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.): new insights into an ancient vegetable. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20021120
Spectrophotometric determination of yellow pigment content and evaluation of carotenoids by high-performance liquid chromatography in durum wheat grain. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20021106
An innovative approach to the determination of safety for a dietary ingredient derived from a new source: case study using a crystalline lutein product. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 20021101
Transformations of selected carotenoids in plasma, liver, and ocular tissues of humans and in nonprimate animal models. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20021101
Elevated retinal zeaxanthin and prevention of light-induced photoreceptor cell death in quail. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20021101
Long term dietary supplementation with zeaxanthin reduces photoreceptor death in light-damaged Japanese quail. Experimental eye research 20021101
Analysis of xanthophylls in corn by HPLC. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20021009
Resonance Raman measurement of macular carotenoids in normal subjects and in age-related macular degeneration patients. Ophthalmology 20021001
Genetic engineering of a zeaxanthin-rich potato by antisense inactivation and co-suppression of carotenoid epoxidation. Metabolic engineering 20021001
Different ways to insert carotenoids into liposomes affect structure and dynamics of the bilayer differently. Biophysical chemistry 20020903
Identification of quantitative trait loci for cold-tolerance of photosynthesis in maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of experimental botany 20020901
Genetic analysis of pigment biosynthesis in Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2 using a new, highly efficient transposon mutagenesis system that is functional in a wide variety of bacteria. Archives of microbiology 20020901
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration and its relationship to antioxidant intake. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica 20020801
Xanthophyll pigments lutein and zeaxanthin in lipid multibilayers formed with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20020801
Synthesis of symmetrical carotenoids by a two-fold Stille reaction. The Journal of organic chemistry 20020712
Overexpression of beta-carotene hydroxylase enhances stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Nature 20020711
Carotenoids induce apoptosis in the T-lymphoblast cell line Jurkat E6.1. Free radical research 20020701
[The effects of carotenoids on the proliferation of human breast cancer cell and gene expression of bcl-2]. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] 20020701
Proteomic analysis of a highly active photosystem II preparation from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 reveals the presence of novel polypeptides. Biochemistry 20020625
Single and double knockouts of the genes for photosystem I subunits G, K, and H of Arabidopsis. Effects on photosystem I composition, photosynthetic electron flow, and state transitions. Plant physiology 20020601
Phytochrome and blue light-mediated stomatal opening in the orchid, paphiopedilum. Plant & cell physiology 20020601
Metabolic engineering of xanthophyll content in tomato fruits. FEBS letters 20020522
A European multicentre, placebo-controlled supplementation study with alpha-tocopherol, carotene-rich palm oil, lutein or lycopene: analysis of serum responses. Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 20020401
Effect of dietary zeaxanthin on tissue distribution of zeaxanthin and lutein in quail. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20020401
Activation of zeaxanthin is an obligatory event in the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting. The Journal of biological chemistry 20020308
Ascorbate deficiency can limit violaxanthin de-epoxidase activity in vivo. Plant physiology 20020301
Plasma carotenoid and malondialdehyde levels in ischemic stroke patients: relationship to early outcome. Free radical research 20020301
Biosynthesis of zeaxanthin via mevalonate in Paracoccus species strain PTA-3335. A product-based retrobiosynthetic study. The Journal of organic chemistry 20020208
Carotenoid S(1) state in a recombinant light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II. Biochemistry 20020115
Plasma lipophilic antioxidants and malondialdehyde in congestive heart failure patients: relationship to disease severity. Free radical biology & medicine 20020115
Degradation of non-esterified and esterified xanthophylls by free radicals. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20020115
Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of different geometrical isomers of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20020102
Macular pigment density is reduced in obese subjects. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20020101
Overexpression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase: properties of C-terminal deletions on activity and pH-dependent lipid binding. Planta 20020101
Comparative X-ray studies on the interaction of carotenoids with a model phosphatidylcholine membrane. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences 20020101
Measurement of carotenoids in the living primate eye using resonance Raman spectroscopy. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 20020101
Eating for better vision and healthy eyes. Diabetes self-management 20020101
Effect of the mycotoxin aurofusarin on the antioxidant composition and fatty acid profile of quail eggs. British poultry science 20011201
Zeaxanthin and menaquinone-7 biosynthesis in Sphingobacterium multivorum via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway. FEMS microbiology letters 20011113
Involvement of zeaxanthin and of the Cbr protein in the repair of photosystem II from photoinhibition in the green alga Dunaliella salina. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20011101
Micronutrients and ovarian cancer: a case-control study in Italy. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 20011101
Physiology and xanthophyll cycle activity of Nannochloropsis gaditana. Biotechnology and bioengineering 20011005
Structure-reactivity relationship in the oxidation of carotenoid pigments of the pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20011001
Antioxidant status and acute malaria in children in Kampala, Uganda. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20010801
Macular pigments lutein and zeaxanthin as blue light filters studied in liposomes. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20010715
Lipofuscin-formation in retinal pigment epithelial cells is reduced by antioxidants. Free radical biology & medicine 20010715
Configuration and dynamics of xanthophylls in light-harvesting antennae of higher plants. Spectroscopic analysis of isolated light-harvesting complex of photosystem II and thylakoid membranes. The Journal of biological chemistry 20010706
Astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus requires a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase and an active synthesis of fatty acids. FEBS letters 20010706
Inverse associations between plasma lycopene and other carotenoids and prostate cancer. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20010701
Long-term nutrient intake and early age-related nuclear lens opacities. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20010701
Myxoxanthophyll in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is myxol 2'-dimethyl-fucoside, (3R,2'S)-myxol 2'-(2,4-di-O-methyl-alpha-L-fucoside), not rhamnoside. Plant & cell physiology 20010701
Efficient radical trapping at the surface and inside the phospholipid membrane is responsible for highly potent antiperoxidative activity of the carotenoid astaxanthin. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20010606
[Macular pigment and age-related macular degeneration]. Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 20010601
Is (9Z)-'meso'-zeaxanthin optically active? Chirality 20010505
Effects of dietary spirulina on meat colour in muscle of broiler chickens. British poultry science 20010501
Nutritional factors and visual function in premature infants. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 20010501
Macular pigment optical density in a midwestern sample. Ophthalmology 20010401
A few molecules of zeaxanthin per reaction centre of photosystem II permit effective thermal dissipation of light energy in photosystem II of a poikilohydric moss. Planta 20010401
Energy dissipation in photosynthesis: does the quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence originate from antenna complexes of photosystem II or from the reaction center? Planta 20010401
Characterisation of carotenoid radical cations in liposomal environments: interaction with vitamin C. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology 20010401
Lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum and their relation to age-related maculopathy in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. American journal of epidemiology 20010301
Influence of source and ratio of xanthophyll pigments on broiler chicken pigmentation and performance. Poultry science 20010301
Photochemical behavior of xanthophylls in the recombinant photosystem II antenna complex, CP26. Biochemistry 20010206
Macular pigment and risk for age-related macular degeneration in subjects from a Northern European population. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20010201
Absorption and tissue distribution of zeaxanthin and lutein in rhesus monkeys after taking Fructus lycii (Gou Qi Zi) extract. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20010201
Association of smoking with serum and dietary levels of antioxidants in adults: NHANES III, 1988-1994. American journal of public health 20010201
Combined HPLC-MS and HPLC-NMR on-line coupling for the separation and determination of lutein and zeaxanthin stereoisomers in spinach and in retina. Analytical chemistry 20010201
Xanthophyll synthesis in diatoms: quantification of putative intermediates and comparison of pigment conversion kinetics with rate constants derived from a model. Planta 20010201
Macular pigment in donor eyes with and without AMD: a case-control study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20010101
Time-resolved fluorescence analysis of the recombinant photosystem II antenna complex CP29. Effects of zeaxanthin, pH and phosphorylation. European journal of biochemistry 20010101
The hypocotyl chloroplast plays a role in phototropic bending of Arabidopsis seedlings: developmental and genetic evidence. Journal of experimental botany 20010101
A population-based case-control study of carotenoid and vitamin A intake and ovarian cancer (United States). Cancer causes & control : CCC 20010101
Lutein, zeaxanthin, and the macular pigment. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 20010101
Changes of serum carotenoids in patients with esophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. Journal of physiology, Paris 20010101
Properties